Citrine is the yellow version of Quartz.  The color yellow is due to the presence of iron. However natural citrine is most often a pale yellow color and also hard to come by. Gem quality citrine is rarely available, with the best quality being found in Brazil, Madagascar and Spain. In the past citrine, has been used to imitate topaz, and has been referred to as Brazilian Topaz. It is a pretty tough stone with a rating of 7 on the Moh's Scale. Citrine is the top selling gemstone in the yellow/orange range of colors, since it is readily available. Traditionally cut into faceted rounds and fancy shapes, it can now also be found in more unusual cuts and also in carvings. Mixed gem jewelry will often feature citrine along with amethyst, blue topaz and peridot. Care of your citrine jewelry Citrine is routinely heat treated, since it is usually produced by heat treating amethyst to produce the color change.  Whilst this is usually permanent under normal conditions, it is best to avoid Steam Cleaning.  Ultrasonic cleaning is usually safe, however, I still prefer the warm soapy water option, rinse and dry with a soft cloth.  Exposure to high heat can cause a loss of color, whilst extreme temperature change could cause some fracturing within the stone. Birthstone History and Lore The birthstone for November, associated with the Star Sign Saggitarius (Nov 23 - Dec 22). Citrines symbolize personal power, energy and growth. If you are prone to nightmares, wear citrine to bed to help ensure a good nights sleep. Crystal Energies: Projective

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Specific Gravity 2.65

Refractive Values 1.54 - 1.55

birefringence (doubly refractive gems only) 0.009

Lustre Vitreous